Treadmill Collection (#2)

Ox treadmill, uper Italy, ca. 1600. Were used to drive corn mills. Two oxen can work on the slanting plate. The animals are roped

Cardiac stress test, artwork
Cardiac stress test. Artwork showing a patient undergoing a cardiac stress test on a treadmill. At top are ECG (electrocardiogram) traces showing the patients heart rate at rest (left)

English prison life: treadmill for hard labour, and punishment with the cat-o-nine-tails. France was suffering from the Apaches at this time

Rag-and-chain pump for draining a mine operated by men in treadmill. From Agricola (George Bauer) De re metallica, Basle, 1556

Prisoners at Clerkenwell House of Correction, London, taking their turn on the treadmill while the men who have just done their stint wait in silence until it is their turn again

British prison life, 1907. Treadmill for hard labour, and punishment with the cat-o-nine-tails. France was suffering from gangs of thugs called the Apaches at this time

Prisoners at Clerkenwell House of Correction, London, 1874. Prisoners, in prison uniform, take their turn on the treadmill while the men who have just done their stint wait in silence until it is

Prison discipline, 1888. Prisoners at hard labour on the treadwheel in an English local jail. The prisoner had 15 minutes on, 5 minutes off the wheel, until his time was finished for the day

Crushing gold bearing ores in mills similar in principle to flour mills, 1556. At bottom left goats in a treadmill produce horizontal power which is transferred to a mill (A)

Huntingdon County Gaol and House of Correction, England, built c1828 to design by William Wilkins. Radiating principle Treadmills for grinding corn and raising water worked by prisoners. Woodcut

Treadmill at Brixton prison, London, 1827. Artist: Rudolph Ackermann
Treadmill at Brixton prison, London, 1827. Introduced for prison discipline by William Cubitt of Ipswich. Print published by Ackermann, London, 1827. Hand-coloured engraving

Raising a slab of stone using a block-and-tackle mechanism, 1620. Copperplate engraving of a treadmill powered by men lifting a slab of stone using a block and tackle

Pump powered by men in a treadmill, 1556. Woodcut showing a rag-and-chain pump for draining a mine, powered by men walking a treadmill

MILLING GRAIN, 1568. The Miller. Woodcut, 1568, by Jost Amman

The Tower of Babel, detail of the construction works, 1563 (oil on panel) (detail of 345)
XAM93768 The Tower of Babel, detail of the construction works, 1563 (oil on panel) (detail of 345) by Bruegel, Pieter the Elder (c.1525-69); Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna

The Tower of Babel, detail of construction work, 1563 (oil on panel) (detail of 345)
XAM93769 The Tower of Babel, detail of construction work, 1563 (oil on panel) (detail of 345) by Bruegel, Pieter the Elder (c.1525-69); Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria; Flemish

Pulvis Pyrius, plate 3 from Nova Reperta, engraved by Philip Galle, c. 1580-1605
XJF448295 Pulvis Pyrius, plate 3 from Nova Reperta, engraved by Philip Galle, c.1580-1605 (engraving) by Straet, Jan van der (Giovanni Stradano) (1523-1605) (after); Private Collection; (add.info)

The Tread Mill, from Ackermanns World in Miniature, pub. 1827
BAL36243 The Tread Mill, from Ackermanns World in Miniature, pub. 1827 by Shoberl, Frederic (1755-1853) (after); London Library, St Jamess Square, London, UK; out of copyright

Cartoon on the interference of Louis XIV in the English throne, 1689, Gisling, after 1689

Samson and the Philistines, 1863 (oil on canvas)
XOS1273912 Samson and the Philistines, 1863 (oil on canvas) by Bloch, Carl (1834-90); 245.5x184 cm; Statens Museum for Kunst, Copenhagen, Denmark; Danish, out of copyright

MILLING GRAIN, 1568. The Miller. Woodcut, 1568, by Jost Amman

Exercise Yard
Prisoners at a house of correction in Brixton in south London are forced to walk on a treadmill. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

Exercise Yard
circa 1850: Prisoners at a house of correction in Brixton in south London are forced to walk on a treadmill. (Photo by General Photographic Agency/Getty Images)

Brixton Treadmill
Prisoners on a treadmill at Brixton Prison, London, circa 1825. Brixton was one of the first prisons to introduce treadmills in 1821. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images)

Raising slabs of stone using block-and-tackle powered by man in treadmill, A. Through tooth and pinion, C, B. worm and pinion, E, D

Shafts of a cannon boring machine with drilling bits on the end. The machine was powered by a treadmill, left. From De la pirotechnia by Vannoccio Biringuccio (Venice, 1540). Woodcut

Boring cannon. In the left foreground is a two-man treadmill and in the right background is a handmill. From De la pirotechnia by Vannoccio Biringuccio (Venice, 1540). Woodcut

Syrian or Golden Hamster( Mesocricetus auratusrunning) on a treadmill, side view

Astronaut exercising on the ISS C016 / 4207
Astronaut exercising on the ISS. NASA astronaut Sunita Williams (born 1965) exercising in a bungee harness on the Combined Operational Load Bearing External Resistance Treadmill (COLBERT)

A horse-drawn oil press, used to extract edible and medicinal oils from seeds and vegetables
OIL PRESS, 1568. A horse-drawn oil press, used to extract edible and medicinal oils from seeds and vegetables. Woodcut, 1568, by Jost Amman

HARVESTING, 1879. Wood engraving, American, 1879, after a drawing by William de la Montagne Cary

CIDER MILL, 19th CENTURY. Wood engraving, American, early 19th century

TREADMILL AT COTTON MILL. Men on the treadmill that provided the power in Samuel Slaters first cotton mill at Pawtucket, Rhode Island, in the early 1790s. Wood engraving, American, mid-19th century

TREADMILLS. This vertical treadmill converts the energy that the man expends in climbing endlessly from step to step into considerable power of compression: line engraving, French, 18th century

COTTON MILL TREADMILL. Workers on the treadmill that provided the power in Samuel Slaters first cotton mill at Pawtucket, Rhode Island, in the early 1790s. Wood engraving, American, mid-19th century

Running machine
MODEL RELEASED. Running machine. Customer testing running shoes on a running machine prior to making a purcase

Running brain, conceptual artwork
Running brain. Conceptual artwork of brain exercise and maintaining mental agility

Crab locomotion research. Ghost crab (Ocypode quadrata) being released from plastic cup onto a miniature treadmill. The adjustments the crab makes to sudden changes in the speed of the treadmill are

Heart fitness test
MODEL RELEASED. Heart fitness test

BURGKMAIR: MAXIMILIAN. Detail from The Triumphal Procession of the Emperor Maximilian. Woodcut by Hans Burgkmair, early 16th century

Three boys playing inside a large barrel. One of them has lost his footing and has fallen over

Rotating Barrel
Three boys trying to maintain their footing on a rotating barrel or wheel!

Holloway Prison / Mayhew
The treadmill (treadwheel) and oakum shed with a detachment of prisoners at work at the wheel, and those who have been relieved, are employed to pick oakum

Three women working irrigation mill, near Canton, China, Asia

Treadmill / Coldbath Field
Prisoners working at the treadmill and others exercising in the vagrants prison, Coldbath Fields. The first treadmill was installed in Brixton Prison in 1817

Knife Grinders Dog
A dog helps a French knife- grinder by turning his wheel like a treadmill

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"Treadmill: A Journey through Time and Punishment" Step back in time to Brixton purgatory, 1822, where the first glimpse of a gym treadmill or running machine emerged. This primitive forerunner paved the way for an era of physical exertion within prison walls. English prison life took a dark turn in 1907 when hard labor became synonymous with punishment. The dreaded cat-o-nine-tails was wielded alongside the monotonous rhythm of the treadmill, creating an atmosphere of despair and suffering. Intriguingly, sheet music titled "Put me upon an Island Where the Girls are Few" transports us to a different realm altogether. Perhaps this island represents an escape from the grueling reality that awaited prisoners on their daily grind. Jamaica beckons with its vivid engraving depicting a tread-mill scene in 1837. Here, amidst tropical landscapes, individuals find themselves caught up in this relentless cycle of forced movement – forever bound by their circumstances. Newgate Prison's engraving reveals another facet of this punitive device as it becomes synonymous with prisoner discipline. The treadmill served as both captor and captivated; its cogs grinding away at hope while society looked on indifferently. A colored engraving aptly named "Sweat mill" captures the essence of human endurance under duress. It portrays bodies drenched in perspiration as they navigate this mechanical beast that consumes their energy without mercy. Brixton prison's watercolor painting showcases yet another variation on this theme – a reminder that even within confinement, creativity can flourish. Brushstrokes bring life to what would otherwise be seen as mere tormentors' tools. Traveling abroad through time and lithography brings us face-to-face with how criminals were treated elsewhere during those tumultuous years around 1880s Japan. An irrigation system powered by water wheel treadmills sheds light on alternative uses for this relentless contraption.