Pathogens Collection (#7)

Oak spangle galls
Common spangle galls of the gall wasp Neuroterus quercusbaccarum on underside of oak leaf. Dorset UK September 2009

Macrophage engulfing pathogen, artwork
Macrophage engulfing pathogen. Artwork of a macrophage cell (pink) engulfing a pathogen (green), a process known as phagocytosis. The pathogen will be destroyed once it has been engulfed

Macrophage engulfing pathogens, artwork
Macrophage engulfing pathogens. Artwork of a macrophage cell (pink) engulfing pathogens (green), a process known as phagocytosis. The pathogens will be destroyed once they have been engulfed

Legionella bacteria, SEM
Legionella bacteria. Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of Legionella pneumophila bacteria, the cause of Legionnaires disease

Legionella bacteria, light micrograph
Legionella bacteria. Coloured light micrograph of Legionella pneumophila bacteria, the cause of Legionnaires disease. This rod-shaped

Legionella bacterium, TEM
Legionella bacteria. Coloured transmission electron micrograph of a Legionella pneumophila bacterium, the cause of Legionnaires disease

Coxsackie B3 virus particles, TEM
Coxsackie B3 virus particles, coloured transmission electron micrograph (TEM). Each Coxsackie B3 virus particle (yellow) consists of a non-enveloped icosahedral (20-sided) protein capsid (coat)

Norovirus particles, artwork
Norovirus particles in the gut, artwork. Norovirus is a genus of RNA (ribonucleic acid) viruses that cause about half of all gastroenteritis cases around the world

Global flu pandemic, artwork
Global flu pandemic. Computer artwork of a globe within an influenza (flu) A virus particle, representing a global flu pandemic

Swine flu virus particle, artwork
Swine flu virus particle. Computer artwork of a swine influenza (flu) virus particle. At the core of the virus is RNA (ribonucleic acid, orange) genetic material

Rose aphids (Macrosiphum rosae) infesting a rose stem (Rosa sp.). An aphid is an insect that feeds on plant sap and it is a serious pest

Rod-shaped bacterium, artwork
Rod-shaped bacterium, computer artwork. Typical rod-shaped bacteria (bacilli) are Escherichia coli and Salmonella bacteria, but there are many others

Neutrophil engulfing TB bacteria, SEM
Neutrophil engulfing TB bacteria. Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of a neutrophil white blood cell (large, centre) engulfing and destroying a tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)

Neutrophil engulfing thrush fungus, SEM
Neutrophil engulfing thrush fungus. Coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of a neutrophil white blood cell engulfing and destroying a hypha (round)

Gas gangrene bacteria, SEM
Gas gangrene bacteria (Clostridium perfringens), coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM). These rod-shaped bacteria are pathogenic

Stenotrophomonas sp. bacteria, TEM
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteria. Coloured transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of a sect- ion through Stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteria. They are seen on a fractal background

Helicobacter bacteria, TEM
Helicobacter bacteria. Coloured transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of a section through Helicobacter fennelliae bacteria

Tuberculosis bacteria, TEM
Tuberculosis bacteria. Coloured transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of a section through Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria

Borrelia bacteria, SEM
Borrelia bacteria, coloured scanning electron micrograph (SEM). These bacteria (Borrelia sp.) are pathogenic, causing diseases in humans and in animals

Chlamydia bacteria, TEM
Chlamydia bacteria. Coloured transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of Chlamydia sp. bacteria (small blue spheres) in a human cell (large blue sphere)

Erwinia bacteria, TEM
Erwinia bacteria. Coloured transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of the soil bacterium Erwinia carotovora carotovora. This gram-negative flagellated bacterium causes soft rot of plant crops such as

Gut bacterium, TEM
Gut bacterium. Coloured transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of a bacterium from the family Enterobacteriaceae. This family comprises Gram- negative rod-shaped bacteria

Intestinal bacteria, TEM
Intestinal bacteria, coloured transmission electron micrograph (TEM). The TEM shows a section through the bacteria (red/yellow) and the wall of the intestines (bottom)

Asparagus beetle eggs on an asparagus plant. The asparagus beetle (Crioceris asparagi) is a pest of asparagus crops (Asparagus officinalis) in Europe and the USA

Cotton boll weevil and cotton plant
Boll weevil (Anthonomus grandis) with cotton plant (Gossypium sp.). The boll weevil is the most destructive cotton pest in North America. The adult insects measure 3-8.5 mm long

Nettle leaf gall midge larva, artwork. Cross- section through a stinging nettle leaf (Urtica dioica) and leaf gall. The gall is inhabited by the parasitic larva of the nettle gall midge

Leaf miner moth damage to a horse chestnut leaf (Aesculus hippocastanum). The leaf miner moth larva (Cameraria ohridella) burrows into the leaves of the horse chestnut causing damage

Nettle leaf galls, artwork. Four views of galls at the base of a stinging nettle leaf (Urtica dioica). These abnormal outgrowths are caused by the parasitic larvae of the nettle gall midge

Damaged stinging nettle, artwork. Various views of a stinging nettle damaged by the weevil (Ceuthorhynchus pollinaris). At left are several enlarged views of sections of damaged stems and petioles

Desert locust and millet plant
African desert locust (Schistotecera gregaria) on Proso millet (Panicum miliaceum), artwork. The desert locust is a significant agricultural pest in Africa, the Middle East and Asia

Fungus on maple leaf. Unidentified fungus (red) growing on the tips of maple (Acer sp.) leaves. Photographed in the Lower Stein Valley, southern British Columbia, Canada

Colorado potato beetle on potato plant
Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) with a potato plant, artwork. This beetle is a serious pest of commercial potato crops

Bleeding canker on tree bark
Bleeding canker on a horse chestnut tree (Aesculus hippocastanum). Where this pathogen has been active, bark, cambial tissue and the phloem (sugar conducting tissue) are destroyed

Plant diseases, historical artwork

Bedeguar gall on wild rose
Bedeguar gall on a wild dog rose (Rosa canina). Also known as Bedeguar and Robins pincushion, these protective galls contain the larvae of the rose gall wasp (Diplolepis rosae)

Frost damaged potato leaves (Solanum tuberosum)

Bleeding canker. Liquid exuding from the trunk of a horse chestnut tree (Aesculus hippocastanum). This pathogen destroys bark, cambial tissue and the phloem (sugar conducting tissue)

Oak spangle galls from larvae of gall wasp
Oak spangle galls caused by the larvae of the gall wasp Neuroterus quercusbaccarum. The reproduction of gall wasps is unusual in that, in most species, there is a regular alternation of generations

Gut bacterium reproducing, TEM
Gut bacterium reproducing. Coloured transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of a single bacterium dividing into two identical clone daughter bacteria

Salmonella, TEM
Salmonella. Coloured transmission electron micrograph (TEM) of Salmonella paratyphi B bacteria (also called Salmonella schotmulleri)

Clostridium botulinum bacteria, computer artwork. This Gram-positive rod-shaped bacteria causes the disease botulism, a type of food poisoning. The bacteria is found naturally in soil

Tar spot fungus on sycamore leaves. Leaves of a sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) tree, affected by the fungal pathogen Rhytisma acerinum, which causes a disease known as tar spot

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"Unseen Threats: Exploring the World of Pathogens" Nature's Battle: A tobacco hornworm feasting on a tobacco plant, showcasing the intricate relationship between pathogens and their hosts. Fungal Invasion: Coral Spot Fungus (Nectria cinnabarina) fruiting bodies thriving on a Sycamore twig in Powys, Wales – a reminder of how they are infiltrate even the hardiest organisms. Tiny Terrors: Norovirus particles captured under an electron microscope, revealing the minuscule yet potent nature of these infectious agents. The Silent Killer: Tuberculosis bacteria lurking within our midst, highlighting the ongoing battle against this ancient disease that still plagues humanity today. Unwelcome Guests: Salmonella bacteria magnified through scanning electron microscopy, serving as a stark reminder of foodborne illnesses and their potential consequences. Airborne Hazards: Artwork depicting infections spread by sneezing – emphasizing how easily they are travel and infect others within close proximity. Cellular Warriors: Macrophage engulfing TB bacteria showcased under SEM, illustrating our immune system's relentless fight against invading pathogens. Invisible Invaders: Intestinal protozoan parasites seen through transmission electron microscopy; uncovering the hidden world where these microscopic creatures wreak havoc on human health. Waterborne Nightmare: Cryptosporidium protozoa viewed under TEM – shedding light on water-related diseases caused by these resilient parasites that pose risks to both humans and animals alike. Emerging Perils: Rift Valley fever virus particles revealed through TEM imagery; underscoring the constant threat posed by emerging viruses with potentially devastating consequences for global health security. Mosquito Menace: Dengue fever virus particles visualized using TEM; reminding us of mosquito-borne diseases' impact worldwide and efforts to combat them effectively. The Immune Battle Continues.